
Hinduism:-
Hinduism is the world's oldest religion, with a billion followers, which makes it the world's third largest religion. It is a combinations of religious, philosophical, and cultural ideas and practices that originated in India, characterized by the belief in reincarnation, one absolute being of multiple manifestations, the law of cause and effect, following the path of righteousness, and the desire for liberation from the cycle of births and deaths. It is also known as the 'Vedic religion' since no other religion was know to exist then. As it taught the practice of eternal dharma, it was referred to only as 'Sanaatana Dharma'. The speacial feature about Hindusim is that there is no sanction in the sastras for proselytisation like other religions. Its purely a relgion
of the individual. Every person has his or her own way of praying and follwing the religion. There is no wrong or right way to practise the religion. 'It is a way of life'. Hinduism cannot be neatly slotted into any articular belief system. Unlike other religions, Hinduism is a way of life, a Dharma, that is, the law that governs all action. It has its own beliefs, traditions, advanced system of ethics, meaningful rituals, philosophy and theology. The religious tradition of Hinduism is solely responsible for the creation of such original concepts and practices as Yoga, Ayurveda, Vastu, Jyotisham, Yagams, Poojas, Mantram, Tantram, Vedantam, Karma, etc.
Its themes include, Dharma (ethics and duties), Samsara (rebirth), Karma (right action), Moksha (liberation from the cycle of Samsara). It also believes in truth, honesty, non-violence, celibacy, cleanliness, contentment, prayers, austerity, perseverance, penance, cycle of births and pious company. Hinduism postulates a series of births and proclaims that the sorrows and sufferings of each life, like its joys are the result of our Karmas(deeds) in our past lives.
When an individual perfects him or herself, that sets an example and will be emulated by others. The true prayer is not only for getting relief from suffering but also for keeping out evil thoughts from the mind and for making good thoughts always dwell there too. Accoring to hinduism, the only way to get rid of sin is to perform the prescribed karmas by which the accrued sins will be expiated and fresh sins will be warded off. The discipline of 'Karmaanushtaana' (following of duties) will make for health and for purity of body and mind. The way of this religion is not to grieve over suffering but to pray that evil thoughts may not get a foot hold in the mind in moments of dsitress. Then the power of endurance will develop and suffering itself will lose its sting. Such a perspective is the out come of 'Jnana' (Knowledge) and 'Bhakthi' (Devotion) which has to be acquired by each individual by his or her own efforts. That is the reason why Hinduism is indvidualistic and not congregational in nature.